• 105 BC - Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus.
• 68 BC - Battle of Artaxata: Lucullus averts the bad omen of this day by defeating Tigranes the Great of Armenia.
• 1582 - Due to the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1600 - Jacopo Peri's Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, premieres in Florence, signifying the beginning of the Baroque Period
• 1683 - William Penn brings 13 German immigrant families to the colony of Pennsylvania, marking the first German people to immigrate to America.
• 1762 - Seven Years' War: conclusion of the Battle of Manila between Britain and Spain, which resulted in the British occupation of Manila for the rest of the war.
• 1789 - French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian women on 5 October
• 1849 - The execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad after the Hungarian war of independence.
• 1854 - The Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead started shortly after midnight, leading to 53 deaths and hundreds injured.
• 1884 - The Naval War College of the United States Navy was founded in Newport, Rhode Island.
• 1889 - Thomas Edison shows his first motion picture.
• 1898 - Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia Fraternity founded at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, Massachusetts.
• 1903 - The High Court of Australia sits for the first time.
• 1906 - The Majlis of Iran convened for the first time.
• 1908 - Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
• 1921 - International PEN is founded in London.
• 1922 - The great powers of the first world war withdraw from Istanbul
• 1927 - Opening of The Jazz Singer, the first prominent talking movie.
• 1928 - Chiang Kai-Shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.
• 1939 - Last Polish army is defeated in World War II.
• 1945 - Baseball: Billy Sianis and his pet billy goat are ejected from Wrigley Field during Game 4 of the 1945 World Series (see Curse of the Billy Goat).
• 1955 - A United Airlines DC-4 crashes in Medicine Bow Peak, Wyoming, killing 66 people
• 1966 - LSD is declared illegal in the United States.
• 1973 - The Crossing: 80,000 Egyptian troops cross the Suez Canal, destroying the fortified Israeli Bar-Lev Line and starting the Yom Kippur War.
• 1976 - Cubana Flight 455 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean after two bombs, placed by terrorists with connections to the CIA, exploded onboard shortly after taking off from Bridgetown, Barbados. All 73 people on-board were killed.
• 1976 - New Premier Hua Guofeng orders the arrest of the Gang of Four and associates and ends the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China.
• 1976 - Massacre of students gathering at Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand to protest the return of ex-dictator Thanom by a coalition of right-wing paramilitary and government forces, triggering the return of the military to government.
• 1977 - In Alicante, Spain, fascists attack a group of MCPV militants and sympathizers, and one MCPV sympathizer is killed.
• 1977 - The first prototype of the MiG-29, designated 9-01, makes its maiden flight.
• 1979 - Pope John Paul II becomes the first pontiff to visit the White House.
• 1981 - President of Egypt, Anwar al-Sadat is assassinated.
• 1985 - PC Keith Blakelock is murdered as riots erupt in the Broadwater Farm suburb of London.
• 1987 - Fiji becomes a republic.
• 1995 - 51 Pegasi was discovered to be the first major star apart from the Sun to have a planet (and extrasolar planet) orbiting around it.
• 2000 - Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević resigns.
• 2002 - The French oil tanker Limburg is bombed off Yemen.
• 2002 - Opus Dei founder Josemaría Escrivá is canonized.
• 2007 - Jason Lewis completes the first human-powered circumnavigation of the globe.

Births